{"id":3091,"date":"2026-06-10T09:07:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T09:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/?p=3091"},"modified":"2026-06-10T09:07:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T09:07:32","slug":"how-does-chlorophyll-photosynthesis-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/en\/how-does-chlorophyll-photosynthesis-work\/","title":{"rendered":"How does chlorophyll photosynthesis work?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Come funziona la fotosintesi clorofilliana?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cZhX7qtFLGs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I bet that if I say the word \u201coxygen,\u201d the first image that comes to mind is a vast expanse of ancient trees or a tropical forest. From childhood, we\u2019re taught that forests are the <strong>green lungs of our planet<\/strong>. But are we really sure that all the oxygen we breathe comes only from plants on land?  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We will examine a chemical reaction so extraordinary and vital that, if it did not exist, we simply would not be here: chlorophyll-based photosynthesis. Understanding <strong>how chlorophyll-based photosynthesis works<\/strong> will reveal that the production of breathable air hides an incredible secret, and that a \u201cmagic formula\u201d is not enough to save this perfect mechanism. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Not just trees: the ocean\u2019s \u201cblue lungs\u201d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To begin with, we need to dispel a common misconception: not all oxygen comes from terrestrial plants. Of course, forests are irreplaceable allies, and it\u2019s always worth exploring <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/en\/why-are-trees-so-important\/\">why trees are important<\/a> for our <strong>ecological balance<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.fao.org\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/12322cae-5b20-4be2-927a-72a86fd319e9\/content\">According to 2025 FAO data, approximately 32% of the Earth\u2019s total land area is covered by forests<\/a>\u2014that\u2019s 4.14 billion hectares of photosynthesizing plants capable of releasing oxygen into the air. We are therefore quite right to consider forests the lungs of the Earth.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The true oxygen superheroes, however, are to be found\u2014surprisingly\u2014in the seas and oceans! In fact, our planet\u2019s seas are home to algae and <strong>marine phytoplankton<\/strong>, tiny, nearly invisible organisms. This \u201cblue lung\u201d forms the foundation of the ocean food web and drifts along with the <strong>ocean currents<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Just like land plants, phytoplankton grows through photosynthesis, using light energy to convert inorganic matter into organic matter. Consider this: although phytoplankton accounts for only 1% of global plant biomass, <a href=\"https:\/\/marine.copernicus.eu\/it\/explainers\/why-ocean-important\/oxygen-reservoir\">it produces about 50% of all the oxygen we breathe<\/a>. Half of the <strong>breathable air<\/strong> that keeps us alive right now comes from the sea.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"487\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Polmoni-blu_WOWnature-1024x487.jpg\" alt=\"How does chlorophyll photosynthesis work?\" class=\"wp-image-3084\" style=\"width:1040px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Polmoni-blu_WOWnature-1024x487.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Polmoni-blu_WOWnature-300x143.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Polmoni-blu_WOWnature-768x365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Polmoni-blu_WOWnature.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Chemistry of Life: How Does Photosynthesis Work?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But in practical terms, <strong>how does chlorophyll-based photosynthesis work<\/strong>? It is a complex chemical reaction involving many intermediate steps, products, and byproducts, but the <strong>scientific concept <\/strong>itself is actually quite simple. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The process consists of a few simple steps:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Carbon dioxide enters the leaves<\/strong>: through tiny openings on the leaves called stomata, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere enters the <strong>plant cells<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chlorophyll captures solar energy<\/strong>: inside the cells are tiny organelles called chloroplasts, which contain <strong>plant chlorophyll<\/strong>. This pigment is responsible for the green color of leaves and for capturing sunlight in the form of particles called photons. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The splitting of water molecules<\/strong>: Plants use solar energy from photons to split the water molecules (H\u2082O) present in <strong>raw sap<\/strong> into oxygen (O<sub>\u2082<\/sub>) and hydrogen (H).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The end result is the production of <strong>glucose<\/strong> (C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub>). After photosynthesis, raw sap is transformed into processed sap, which is essential for plant nutrition and <strong>growth<\/strong>. And what is the byproduct of this process? That\u2019s right: oxygen!   <br\/>What is simply \u201cwaste\u201d to them is the essential element that allows us to live: a perfect exchange.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here is the balanced chemical equation for the process:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 6H<sub>2<\/sub>O + light = C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> + 6O<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Climate Crisis and the Myth of the \u201cBillion Trees\u201d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, the <strong>climate crisis<\/strong> we are currently facing further complicates matters. Human activities are increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide. In 2023, CO\u2082 <a href=\"https:\/\/climate.ec.europa.eu\/climate-change\/causes-climate-change_it\">levels reached a concentration 51% higher than pre-industrial levels (prior to 1750).<\/a> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This increase isn\u2019t just a problem for the air we breathe! <a href=\"https:\/\/marine.copernicus.eu\/it\/ocean-climate-portal\/ocean-acidification\">Since the 1980s, the ocean has absorbed about 20% of total anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions<\/a>, altering the chemical composition of seawater and triggering <strong>ocean acidification<\/strong>. This change is causing serious problems for our marine superheroes and oxygen producers. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plants on land aren\u2019t faring much better! Heat waves, droughts, and extreme weather events are all factors that stress and weaken vegetation. Precisely because of the vital role forests play in carbon sequestration, we often hear people say, \u201c<em>Let\u2019s plant a billion trees\u2014that\u2019ll solve everything!<\/em>\u201d  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Be careful\u2014<strong>this is nothing more than a myth<\/strong>! Sure, planting trees is vital for absorbing CO\u2082, but it\u2019s not a magic solution. If we don\u2019t tackle emissions reduction at the root and if we don\u2019t manage the forests we already have properly and scientifically, planting trees haphazardly won\u2019t make a difference. If you\u2019d like to learn more about this, you can read our article <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/en\/how-much-co2-does-a-tree-absorb\/\">on how much CO\u2082 a tree absorbs and why it matters<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Come-funziona-la-fotosintesi-clorofilliana_-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"How chlorophyll photosynthesis works\" class=\"wp-image-3085\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Come-funziona-la-fotosintesi-clorofilliana_-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Come-funziona-la-fotosintesi-clorofilliana_-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Come-funziona-la-fotosintesi-clorofilliana_-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wownature.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Come-funziona-la-fotosintesi-clorofilliana_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acting in accordance with the scientific method<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Photosynthesis and climate balance hold many other fascinating details and <strong>visual dynamics<\/strong>, which we\u2019ve illustrated in our latest video. Would you like to take a closer look at a cross-section of a leaf, understand exactly where the stomata and chloroplasts are located, or discover the difference between <strong>forest growth rates and resilience<\/strong>? <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the video, you&#8217;ll find a comprehensive visual explanation and insights from our technicians, offering a close-up look at <strong>nature&#8217;s energy engine<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Protecting forests (the green lungs) and oceans (the blue lungs of our planet) is not just a symbolic gesture, but a matter of <strong>collective survival<\/strong>. It is not enough to simply plant trees at random: we must protect marine and forest ecosystems by responsibly managing the habitats that sustain us. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is exactly what we do at WOWnature, starting with a professional and scientific approach to our projects, as we explain in our guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=https:\/\/www.wownature.eu\/riforestazione-cose-benefici-e-come-partecipare-a-progetti-concreti\/\">reforestation: what it is, its benefits, and how to get involved in concrete projects.<\/a> Supporting our projects doesn\u2019t mean planting just for the sake of planting, but contributing to the creation of complex forest ecosystems, rich in <strong>local biodiversity<\/strong>, designed to last and evolve over time, to be resilient to change, and capable of absorbing CO\u2082 as effectively as possible. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Want to play an active role in the solution? Choose your favorite <strong>forestry project<\/strong> on our website, adopt a tree, and join us in helping to restore the land. We look forward to seeing you out in the field!  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-35f06ea7 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-color has-accent-1-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wownature.eu\/en\/grow-a-tree\/\">ADOPT NOW!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn how chlorophyll-based photosynthesis works, why half of the world\u2019s oxygen comes from the ocean, and how to support scientific reforestation with WOWnature.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3090,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85,1,78,89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests","category-other-posts","category-trees-and-plants","category-wow-scientific-method"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How does chlorophyll photosynthesis work? 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